Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Milk-alkali syndrome (MAS) consists of hypercalcemia, renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis as a result of ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali. Daily elemental calcium intake of no more than 2 g is considered safe. However, even doses lower than 2 g daily may result in hypercalcemia if additional predisposing factors are present. Vulnerable patients because of vomiting, diuretic use, and deviant eating habits. In these susceptible patient...

Available evidence suggests that Syzygium spp ethyl acetate solubles (EAS) contain triterpene mixtures (oleanolic/ursolic acid and methyl maslinate/methyl corosolate) with hypoglycaemic properties in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Accordingly, maslinic acid (MA) was isolated from S. aromaticum. Air-dried powdered flower buds of S. aromaticum were sequentially extracted thrice at 24 h intervals with 3 litres on each occasion of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetat...

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of endocrine organs and its incidence is steadily growing worldwide. Approximately 80% of differentiated thyroid tumors are papillary carcinomas. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for high-throughput sequencing analysis of large number of samples at a time in a cost effective manner. We have developed a targeted sequencing parallel testing panel for multiple mutations in genes involved in thyroid cancer pathology. A custom-mad...

Androgen receptor (AR) containes a variable polyglutamine chain that is determined by the different number of CAG repeats in the AR gene on the X chromosome. The transactivational competence of AR is inversely related to the length of the polyglutamine chain, respectively to the CAG repeat number. Therefore, we investigated the role of the androgen receptor polymorphism in healthy hirsute and non hirsute women.CAG repeat length polymorphism was analyzed ...

Background: Adrenal incidentalomas are common and require investigation to exclude malignancy and evidence of hormone overproduction. Clinical guidelines recommend overnight dexamethasone suppression tests (ONDST) to assess for cortisol hypersecretion with cortisol levels of 50-138 nmol/l termed “mild autonomous cortisol secretion” (MACS). MACS may be associated with both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity. We assessed cardiovascular risk in patients with MACS us...

Background: Adrenal incidentalomas are common amongst the general population, incidence increases with age. Radiological and biochemical assessment of all lesions >1 cm is standard practice to determine appropriate future management, as per current European guidelines. We report the experiences of a recently formalised adrenal multi-disciplinary pathway in a large UK teaching hospital, where all adrenal incidentalomas are referred and systematically assessed.<p cl...

Background: The British Thyroid Association’s thyroid cancer guidelines (2014) advocate the U1-5 nodule grading system as a primary diagnostic and classification tool.Aims: We assessed whether practice reflected guidelines, and examined patient outcomes.Methods: Patients with a thyroid ultrasound, undertaken by radiographers or general radiologists, in January-June 2015 were identified. Investigation and outcomes...

Background: The British Thyroid Association’s thyroid cancer guidelines (2014) advocate the U1-5 nodule grading system as a primary diagnostic and classification tool.Aims: We assessed whether practice reflected guidelines, and examined patient outcomes.Methods: Patients with a thyroid ultrasound, undertaken by radiographers or general radiologists, in January-June 2015 were identified. Investigation and outcomes...

A 59-year-old male patient, who is fit and well, presented with abdominal discomfort, night sweats, back pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. The CT scan, organised by the GP, demonstrated a 17 cm heterogenous mass with central necrosis and scattered calcification in right side of abdomen, possibly right adrenal origin or liver or kidney. He was referred to Adrenal MDT. Baseline functional testing showed unsuppressed cortisol level in an overnight dexamethasone, high DHEA su...

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (DM) is characterized by both insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. The oral disposition index (DIo), a measurement of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity, is considered the best predictor of progression to a worse GTS, although it was not well tested for regression to a better GTS.Objectives: To assess the validity of DIo and determine whether DIo predicts regression to a better GTS.<p class="abstext"...